Currently, reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC) treatment is one of the most promising
techniques for its disposal because it produces freshwater with high recovery and valuable …

The development of biofilms in drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) can cause pipe
degradation, changes in the water organoleptic properties but the main problem is related to …

Ultraviolet (UV)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are increasingly used for the
degradation of micropollutants in water and wastewater. This study reports a novel …

Fungi in aquatic environments received more attention recently; therefore, the characteristics
of inactivation of fungal spores by widely used disinfectants are quite important …

Water utilities in parts of the US control microbial regrowth in drinking water distribution
systems (DWDS) by alternating postdisinfection methods between chlorination and …

The drinking water industry is closely examining options to maintain disinfection in
distribution systems. In particular this research compared the relative efficiency of the …

Large seasonal variations in microbial drinking water quality can occur in distribution
networks, but are often not taken into account when evaluating results from short-term water …

Phosphate limitation as a method to control biofouling of spiral wound reverse osmosis (RO)
membranes was studied at a full-scale installation fed with extensively pretreated water. The …

To investigate the effects of pipe materials on biofilm accumulation and water quality, an
annular reactor with the sample coupons of four pipe materials (steel, copper, stainless …

The reactivity of capsular extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) to chlorine and
monochloramine was assessed and compared in this study. The impact of capsular EPS on …