Hypertensive Retinopathy (HR) is a retinal disease caused by elevated blood pressure for a
prolonged period. There are no obvious signs in the early stages of high blood pressure, but …

Ophthalmologists have used fundus images to screen and diagnose eye diseases.
However, different equipments and ophthalmologists pose large variations to the quality of …

Hypertensive Retinopathy (HR) is a retinal manifestation caused due to persistently raised
blood pressure. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) plays an important role in the early …

The progression of medical image analysis methodologies has significantly assisted fundus
clinical decision-making, such as disease diagnosis and lesion segmentation. However, low …

Fundus images are used to assist the diagnoses of ocular diseases, and a high-quality
fundus image with more details makes clinical diagnostic results more reliable. However, the …

The fundus image is often used in clinical diagnosis due to ease and safety of acquisition,
but the quality may be affected by environment and onsite operations. As low-quality …

High-quality fundus images are essential for ophthalmologists in clinical diagnosis of eye
diseases. For reasons such as the acquisition process and the retinal disease, most fundus …

Fundus imaging is used to diagnose many common diseases in human vision. Because of
uneven brightness, blur effect, and low contrast, fundus images are not helpful for diagnosis …

Lots of fundus images are not gradable for clinical diagnosis and computer-aided diagnosis
of ocular diseases due to poor quality. In order to restore fundus images from different kinds …

Retinal images are widely used for the diagnosis of various diseases. However, low-quality
retinal images with uneven illumination, low contrast, or blurring may seriously interfere with …