Evidence shows the polymicrobial etiology of endodontic infections, in which bacteria and
their products are the main agents for the development, progression, and dissemination of …

Gram-positive organisms, including the pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus
pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecalis, have dynamic cell envelopes that mediate …

Staphylococci and most other Gram-positive bacteria incorporate complex teichoic acid (TA)
polymers into their cell envelopes. Several crucial roles in Staphylococcus aureus fitness …

The dairy industry continues to suffer severe economic losses due to the increased disease
incidence cows experience during the transition period. It has long been the classical view …

Although B cells play important roles in the humoral immune response and the regulation of
adaptive immunity, B cell subpopulations with unique phenotypes, particularly those with …

Severe bacterial infections can lead to both acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.
Innate immunity is the first defense mechanism employed against invading bacterial …

Streptococcus pneumoniae infections induce inflammatory responses that contribute toward
both disease pathogenesis and immunity, but the host–pathogen interactions that mediate …

Background This study was performed to evaluate anti-inflammatory and immune
modulating properties of the probiotic, spore-forming bacterial strain: Bacillus coagulans …

Background To explore the diagnostic performance of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 in
discriminating Gram bacteria types and predicting disease severity in intensive care unit …

Streptococcus pyogenes is a Gram-positive human pathogen that is recognized by yet
unknown pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Engagement of these receptor molecules …