Cells organize many of their biochemical reactions in non-membrane compartments. Recent
evidence has shown that many of these compartments are liquids that form by phase …

Dynamic patterning of specific proteins is essential for the spatio-temporal regulation of
many important intracellular processes in prokaryotes, eukaryotes and multicellular …

P granules are non-membrane-bound RNA-protein compartments that are involved in
germline development in C. elegans. They are liquids that condense at one end of the …

Abstract The evolutionarily conserved Par3/Par6/aPKC complex regulates the polarity
establishment of diverse cell types and distinct polarity-driven functions. However, how the …

The conserved polarity effector proteins PAR-3, PAR-6, CDC-42, and atypical protein kinase
C (aPKC) form a core unit of the PAR protein network, which plays a central role in …

526-residue Fused in sarcoma (FUS) undergoes liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) for
its functions, which can further transit into pathological aggregation. ATP and nucleic acids …

Spontaneous pattern formation in Turing systems relies on feedback. But patterns in cells
and tissues seldom form spontaneously—instead they are controlled by regulatory …

Recent advances in cell biology enable precise molecular perturbations. The spatiotemporal
organization of cells and organisms, however, also depends on physical processes such as …

Phase separation has emerged as a new key principle of intracellular organization. Phase-
separated structures play diverse roles in various biological processes and pathogenesis of …

Experimental studies of protein-pattern formation have stimulated new interest in the
dynamics of reaction-diffusion systems. However, a comprehensive theoretical …