Many patients with chest pain undergoing coronary angiography do not show significant
obstructive coronary lesions. A substantial proportion of these patients have abnormalities in …

Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are exposed to hemodynamic forces, which modulate EC
functions and vascular biology/pathobiology in health and disease. The flow patterns and …

Angiotensin II–mediated vascular brain inflammation emerged as a novel
pathophysiological mechanism in neurogenic hypertension. However, the precise …

Background—When challenged with extracellular fluid shear stress, vascular endothelial
cells are known to release nitric oxide, an important vasodilator. Here, we show that the …

Atherosclerotic peripheral artery disease primarily manifests in the medium-to large-sized
conduit arteries of the lower extremities. However, the factors underlying this increased …

Cellular interaction in blood vessels is maintained by multiple communication pathways,
including gap junctions. They consist of intercellular channels ensuring direct interaction …

The aortic valve lies in a unique hemodynamic environment, one characterized by a range
of stresses (shear stress, bending forces, loading forces and strain) that vary in intensity and …

Background—Endothelial dysfunction is the initiating event of atherosclerosis. The
expression of connexin40 (Cx40), an endothelial gap junction protein, is decreased during …

Calcific aortic stenosis is a progressive disease that has become more prevalent in recent
decades. Despite advances in research to uncover underlying biomechanisms, and …

Rupture of atherosclerotic plaques causing thrombosis is the main cause of acute coronary
syndrome and ischemic strokes. Inhibition of thrombosis is one of the important tasks …