During the past 50 years, the human population has more than doubled and global
agricultural production has similarly risen. However, the productive arable area has …

The relationship between pesticides and pollinators, while attracting no shortage of attention
from scientists, regulators, and the public, has proven resistant to scientific synthesis and …

A fair evaluation of the net benefits provided by pesticides is essential to feed the current
debate on their benefits and adverse consequences. Pesticides provide many benefits by …

Several soil-borne microbes such as mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting
rhizobacteria can help plants to deal with biotic and abiotic stresses via plant growth …

Plants are rife with bacteria and fungi that colonize roots and shoots both externally and
internally. By providing novel nutritional and defense pathways and influencing plant …

The root systems of most agronomic crops are colonized by diverse assemblages of
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), varying in the functional benefits (eg nutrient transfer …

Abstract Background and Aims One peculiarity of floral nectar that remains relatively
unexplored from an ecological perspective is its role as a natural habitat for micro …

Abiotic stress is a widespread threat to both plant and soil communities. Arbuscular
mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can alleviate effects of abiotic stress by improving host plant stress …

Mycorrhizal fungi and insects are important components of most ecosystems that are likely to
interact with one another indirectly through a common host plant. In this paper, we review …

Mycorrhizas play a vital role in soil fertility, plant nutrition, and resistance to environmental
stresses. However, mycorrhizal effects on plant resistance to herbivorous insects and the …