There has been a flurry of interest over the past decade in the study of impact and
penetration into granular media. A wealth of knowledge has resulted from these efforts. This …

The impact of an object on a granular solid is an ubiquitous phenomenon in nature, the
scale of which ranges from the impact of a raindrop onto sand all the way to that of a large …

Energetic collisions of subatomic particles with fixed or moving targets have been very
valuable to penetrate into the mysteries of nature. But the mysteries are quite intriguing …

Many animals move within ground composed of granular media (GM); the resistive
properties of such substrates can depend on water content and compaction, but little is …

Understanding the impact and penetration characteristics of non-homogeneous granular
material systems is of great significance for various research work. In this study, a series of …

We study the dynamic process occurring when a granular assembly is displaced by a solid
impactor. The momentum transfer from the impactor to the target is shown to occur through …

Penetration of intruders into granular packings is well described by separately considering
the dry or wet case of granular environments in previous experiments and simulations; …

The presence of liquid bridges between particles in a wet granular media gives rise to
capillary forces at the microscopic scale that dramatically alters the material's microstructure …

We study the impact of a projectile onto a bed of 3 mm grains immersed in an index-matched
fluid. We vary the amount of prestrain on the sample, strengthening the force chains within …

The effectiveness of exploration robots is contingent upon their capability and efficiency to
locomote on contorted and multifaceted terrains. Traditional wheeled robots do not suffice at …