We empirically assess whether browser security warnings are as ineffective as suggested by
popular opinion and previous literature. We used Mozilla Firefox and Google Chrome's in …

We have conducted a user study to assess whether improved browser security indicators
and increased awareness of phishing have led to users׳ improved ability to protect …

Security toolbars in a web browser show security-related information about a website to help
users detect phishing attacks. Because the toolbars are designed for humans to use, they …

Internet users today depend daily on HTTPS for secure communication with sites they intend
to visit. Over the years, many attacks on HTTPS and the certificate trust model it uses have …

Most contemporary studies on information security focus on largely static phenomena in
examining security‐related behaviours. We take a more dynamic, situational and …

Web users are shown an invalid certificate warning when their browser cannot validate the
identity of the websites they are visiting. While these warnings often appear in benign …

We evaluate Website authentication measures that are designed to protect users from man-
in-the-middle,'phishing', and other site forgery attacks. We asked 67 bank customers to …

Many secure systems rely on a “human in the loop” to perform security-critical functions.
However, humans often fail in their security roles. Whenever possible, secure system …

We propose a new set of browser security indicators, based on user research and an
understanding of the design challenges faced by browsers. To motivate the need for new …

The purpose of this article is twofold. First, we summarize research on the topic of privacy in
Human–Computer Interaction (HCI), outlining current approaches, results, and trends …