For more than 20 years, we have known that Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase
(CaMKII) activation is both necessary and sufficient for the induction of long-term …

Dendritic spines are small actin-rich protrusions from neuronal dendrites that form the
postsynaptic part of most excitatory synapses and are major sites of information processing …

▪ Abstract Activity-dependent changes in synaptic function are believed to underlie the
formation of memories. Two prominent examples are long-term potentiation (LTP) and long …

Long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 region of the hippocampus has been the primary
model by which to study the cellular and molecular basis of memory. Calcium/calmodulin …

Activity-dependent modulation of synaptic efficacy in the brain contributes to neural circuit
development and experience-dependent plasticity. Although glia are affected by activity and …

Dendritic spines are tiny protrusions that receive excitatory synaptic input and
compartmentalize postsynaptic responses. Heterogeneous in size and shape, and …

NMDA receptors are linked to intracellular cytoskeletal and signaling molecules via the PSD-
95 protein complex. We report a novel family of postsynaptic density (PSD) proteins, termed …

Haploinsufficiency of the Shank3 gene, which encodes a scaffolding protein at glutamatergic
synapses, is a highly prevalent and penetrant risk factor for autism. Using combined …

Dendritic spines, which receive most of the excitatory synaptic input in the cerebral cortex,
are heterogeneous with regard to their structure, stability and function. Spines with large …

Specific patterns of neuronal firing induce changes in synaptic strength that may contribute
to learning and memory. If the postsynaptic NMDA (N-methyl-d-aspartate) receptors are …