The saline wastewater from various sources including agriculture and industrial activities,
appears to have high salt concentration, organic content and other pollutants which can …

The abatement of nutrient compounds from aqueous waste and wastewater is currently a
priority issue. Indeed, the uncontrolled discharge of high levels of nutrients into water bodies …

Steel slag refers to solid waste with high specific surface area and large porosity that is
discharged from the crude steel smelting process in steel mills. The concentration of heavy …

The depletion of phosphorus resources and the excess discharge of phosphorus into waste
streams are contrasting problems. The key to solving both problems is to recover …

Phosphorus (P) is a pivotal element responsible for triggering watershed eutrophication, and
accurate source apportionment is a prerequisite for achieving the targeted prevention and …

In recent years, the concept of nutrient removal/recovery has been applied as a sustainable
solution to develop and design various modern wastewater treatment technologies for …

In the past few years, osmotic membrane systems, such as forward osmosis (FO), have
gained popularity as “soft” concentration processes. FO has unique properties by combining …

Socio-economic development and new technological advancements have greatly increased
the demand for metals, minerals and nutrients. Thus, substantial interest in develo** …

The concerns regarding the reactive nitrogen levels exceeding the planetary limits are well
documented in the literature. A large portion of anthropogenic nitrogen ends in wastewater …

The application of an electric field to forward osmosis (FO) membranes enhances pure water
flow by reducing membrane fouling and ion density. This electric field facilitates the electro …