The arms race between brood parasites and their hosts provides a classic model to study
coevolution. Hosts often reject the parasitic egg, and brood parasites should therefore select …

Aposematic organisms warn predators of their unprofitability using a combination of
defenses, including visual warning signals, startling sounds, noxious odors, or aversive …

Egg retrieval in birds may help ensure the survival of eggs and improve reproductive
success. However, with the risk of brood parasitism, for ground-nesting or cavity-nesting bird …

Interactions between avian brood parasites, such as common cuckoos (Cuculus canorus),
and their hosts are one of the best‐studied examples of the coevolutionary arms race …

Behavioural ecology by definition of its founding 'Tinbergian framework'is an integrative
field, however, it lags behind in incorporating genomic methods.'Finding the gene/s for a …

Some hosts of avian brood parasites reduce or eliminate the costs of parasitism by removing
foreign eggs from the nest (rejecter hosts). In turn, even acceptor hosts typically remove most …

Host–parasite dynamics involve coevolutionary arms races, which may lead to host
specialization and ensuing diversification. Our general understanding of the evolution of …

Speckles are common on the brown eggshells of chicken eggs, especially for aged hens.
They are important as they affect the consumer preference and economic value of eggs. The …

Egg rejection often involves a cognitive process of recognizing foreign eggs, which can vary
not only between species or among different individuals of the same species, but also within …

Egg rejection is the most effective and widespread defense used by host species to
counteract the extreme fitness costs frequently imposed by obligate avian brood parasites …