Neuroinflammation is a critical degradative condition affecting neurons in the brain.
Progressive neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's …

Parkinson's disease (PD) may start in the gut and spread to the brain. To investigate the role
of gut microbiome, we conducted a large-scale study, at high taxonomic resolution, using …

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a key second messenger that regulates signal
transduction pathways pivotal for numerous biological functions. Intracellular cAMP levels …

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease are neurodegenerative diseases of
the motor system which are now recognized also to affect non-motor pathways. Non-motor …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease as a result of the
degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). The …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative condition for which no approved
treatment exists to prevent collective neuronal death. There is ample evidence that …

Despite the wide research going on in Parkinson's disease (PD), the burden of PD still
remains high and continues to increase. The current drugs available for the treatment of PD …

Background and purpose Executive function impairment, a slight but noticeable cognitive
deficit in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, is influenced by gamma-aminobutyric …

In vitro and preclinical in vivo research in the last 35 years has clearly highlighted the crucial
physiopathological role of glial cells, namely astrocytes/microglia/oligodendrocytes and …

Astrocytes play fundamental roles in the maintenance of brain homeostasis. The dysfunction
of these cells is widely associated with brain disorders, which are often characterized by …