The challenge of improving water quality is a growing global concern, typified by the
European Commission Water Framework Directive and the United States Clean Water Act …

Underground communication systems present a variety of new research challenges. Here,
the goal is to establish an efficient wireless connection between the transceivers in the …

The advancement of technologies over years has poised Internet of Things (IoT) to scoop
out untapped information and communication technology opportunities. It is anticipated that …

Abstract Magnetic Induction (MI) based Wireless underground sensor networks (WUSNs)
consist of magnetic-antenna sensors that are buried in and communicate through soil …

The main difference between the wireless underground sensor networks (WUSNs) and the
terrestrial wireless sensor networks is the signal propagation medium. The underground is a …

Precision agriculture (PA) refers to a series of practices and tools necessary to correctly
evaluate farming needs. The accuracy and effectiveness of PA solutions are highly …

Soil water content (SWC) plays a key role in partitioning water and energy fluxes at the land
surface and in controlling hydrologic fluxes such as groundwater recharge. Despite the …

The conventional border patrol systems suffer from intensive human involvement. Recently,
unmanned border patrol systems employ high-tech devices, such as unmanned aerial …

Underground pipelines constitute one of the most important ways to transport large amounts
of fluid (eg oil and water) through long distances. However, existing leakage detection …

Wireless Underground Communication Networks (WUCNs) consist of wireless devices that
operate below the ground surface. These devices are either (i) buried completely under …