Internationalization of R&D and innovation by multinational enterprises (MNEs) has
undergone a gradual and comprehensive change in perspective over the past 50 years …

This study examines the linkages among economic growth, energy consumption, financial
development, trade openness and CO 2 emissions over the period of 1975Q 1–2011Q 4 in …

Economic development accelerates the process of industrialization that has amplified the
worth of extracted natural resources. Extensive exploitation of natural resources through …

The previous literature presents conflicting outcomes on the relationship between financial
development and CO 2 emissions. This study fixes this puzzle by testing both the direct and …

This research used panel data from 1995 to 2019 to examine the impact of financial
development, natural resource, industrial production, renewable energy consumption, and …

Unlike previous studies in the energy-environment literature, this study employed the panel
vector autoregressive (PVAR) model that was developed by Love and Zicchino [1] to …

This study explores the interrelationship between FDI, institutional factors, financial
development and sustainability by revisiting the pollution haven (or halo) hypotheses. The …

The 4 th industrial revolution and global decarbonisation are frequently referred to as two
interrelated megatrends. Particularly, where the 4 th industrial revolution is expected to …

One of the questions that remain unanswered in the literature on determinants of carbon
emissions is the moderating effect of “financial development”. This becomes imperative …

The paper investigates the effect of financial development and institutional quality on the
environment in South Asia. Other determinants of environmental quality included are …