Developmental periods such as gestation and adolescence have enhanced plasticity
leaving the brain vulnerable to harmful effects from nicotine use. Proper brain maturation …

Internet addiction became a major mental health problem in college student. Our objective
was to examine the relationship between psychological inflexibility and experiential …

Abstract Introduction The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that smoking cessation
rates among women have stagnated in the past decade and estimates that hundreds of …

Dopamine (DA) is the key regulator of reward behavior. The DA neurons in the ventral
tegmental area (VTA) and their projection areas, which include the prefrontal cortex (PFC) …

Over 70 million European pregnant women are smokers during their child-bearing years.
Consumption of tobacco-containing products during pregnancy is associated with several …

Nicotine and alcohol are two of the most commonly used and abused recreational drugs, are
often used simultaneously, and have been linked to significant health hazards. Furthermore …

Drug addiction can cause abnormal brain activation changes, which are the root cause of
drug craving and brain function errors. This study enrolled drug abusers to determine the …

Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with developmental, cognitive, and
behavioral disorders, including low birth weight, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder …

Abstract 25Isingle bondNBOMe (“25-I”,“N-Bomb”), one of new psychoactive substances
(NPSs), is being abused for recreational purpose. However, the liability for abuse or …

Chronic nicotine exposure during pregnancy has been shown to induce physiological and
anatomical alterations in offspring. Previously, we investigated the complexity of dopamine …