Uncertainty is a problem not only in human decision-making, but is a prevalent quality of
natural environments and thus requires evolutionary response. Unpredictable natural …

Intraspecific variation is a major component of biodiversity, yet it has received relatively little
attention from governmental and nongovernmental organizations, especially with regard to …

In recent years, scientists have realized that evolution can occur on timescales much shorter
than the" long lapse of ages" emphasized by Darwin—in fact, evolutionary change is …

The long history of reciprocal transplant studies testing the hypothesis of local adaptation
has shown that populations are often adapted to their local environments. Yet many studies …

Phenotypes vary hierarchically among taxa and populations, among genotypes within
populations, among individuals within genotypes, and also within individuals for repeatedly …

Evolutionary biologists tend to approach the study of the natural world within a framework of
adaptation, inspired perhaps by the power of natural selection to produce fitness …

Morphological traits often covary within and among species according to simple power laws
referred to as allometry. Such allometric relationships may result from common growth …

The rate of evolution of population mean fitness informs how selection acting in
contemporary populations can counteract environmental change and genetic degradation …

Direct interactions among conspecific and heterospecific animals are often mediated by
aggressive behavior. We analyze the ecology and evolution of resource-related …

Plant reproduction by means of flowers has long been thought to promote the success and
diversification of angiosperms. It remains unclear, however, how this success has come …