In 2009, rapamycin was reported to increase the lifespan of mice when implemented later in
life. This observation resulted in a sea-change in how researchers viewed aging. This was …

Mitochondria participate in crucial cellular processes such as energy harvesting and
intermediate metabolism. Although mitochondria possess their own genome—a vestige of …

During ageing, muscle stem-cell regenerative function declines. At advanced geriatric age,
this decline is maximal owing to transition from a normal quiescence into an irreversible …

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a dynamic organelle orchestrating the folding and post-
translational maturation of almost all membrane proteins and most secreted proteins. These …

The mammalian Nrf/CNC proteins (Nrf1, Nrf2, Nrf3, p45 NF-E2) perform a wide range of
cellular protective and maintenance functions. The most thoroughly described of these …

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy.
Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered …

Abstract Nrf2 (NFE2L2–nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) is a transcription factor,
which is repressed by interaction with a redox-sensitive protein Keap1 (Kelch-like ECH …

Senescent cells contribute to age‐related pathology and loss of function, and their selective
removal improves physiological function and extends longevity. Rapamycin, an inhibitor of …

AMPK activation is beneficial for cellular homeostasis and senescence prevention.
However, the molecular events involved in AMPK activation are not well defined. In this …

Mitochondria, the cell's major energy producers, also act as signaling hubs, interacting with
other organelles both directly and indirectly. Despite having its own circular genome, the …