Human activities such as industrialisation, urbanisation and agriculture have adversely
impacted terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Water pollutants such as heavy metals and …

An estimated 750 million people are at risk of infections with food-borne trematodes, which
comprise liver flukes (Clonorchis sinensis, Fasciola gigantica, Fasciola hepatica …

ABSTRACT A study was undertaken to examine the effects of the heavy metals copper, lead,
and zinc on biofilm and planktonic Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A rotating-disk biofilm reactor …

Parasites can interact with environmental pollution in different ways. On the one hand,
parasites can interfere with established bioindication procedures owing to their effects on …

Heavy metals are an important class of pollutants with both lethal and sublethal effects on
organisms. The latter are receiving increased attention, as these may have harmful …

▪ Abstract Many factors (climate warming, pollution, harvesting, introduced species) can
contribute to disease outbreaks in marine life. Concomitant increases in each of these …

Aquatic molluscs are ideal invertebrate model systems for environmental monitoring and
toxicology. However, like all animals, they are subjected to a wide range of infectious …

Monogenea is a Class of ecologically and economically significant platyhelminth parasites
of freshwater and marine hosts. Contamination of the environment has been shown to …

In the aquatic environment, fish are subject to different pollutants and environmental
variations that favour stress on animals, making them vulnerable to pathogens. Fish …

The increased occurrence of pollutants in ecosystems is a continuing area of concern. It is
known that numerous diseases of wild aquatic animals can occur with decreased or …