Quantum Chromodynamics, the theory of quarks and gluons, whose interactions can be
described by a local SU (3) gauge symmetry with charges called “color quantum numbers” …

We discuss our present knowledge of α s, the fundamental running coupling or effective
charge of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). A precise understanding of the running of α s …

Visible matter is characterised by a single mass scale; namely, the proton mass. The
proton's existence and structure are supposed to be described by quantum chromodynamics …

There are two mass generating mechanisms in the standard model of particle physics (SM).
One is related to the Higgs boson and fairly well understood. The other is embedded in …

The existence and properties of the sigma meson have been controversial for almost six
decades, despite playing a central role in the spontaneous chiral symmetry of QCD or in the …

The last decade has seen a marked shift in how the internal structure of hadrons is
understood. Modern experimental facilities, new theoretical techniques for the continuum …

The dynamics of the QCD gauge sector give rise to non-perturbative phenomena that are
crucial for the internal consistency of the theory; most notably, they account for the …

Trap** and optically interfacing laser-cooled neutral atoms are essential requirements for
their use in advanced quantum technologies. Here we simultaneously realize both of these …

We review the spectrum and electromagnetic properties of baryons described as relativistic
three-quark bound states within QCD. The composite nature of baryons results in a rich …

The last five years have brought considerable progress in the study of the bound-state
problem in continuum quantum field theory. We highlight a subset of that progress; viz., that …