With a global market share of about 90%, crystalline silicon is by far the most important
photovoltaic technology today. This article reviews the dynamic field of crystalline silicon …

Silicon wafer solar cells continue to be the leading photovoltaic technology, and in many
places are now providing a substantial portion of electricity generation. Further adoption of …

Silicon heterojunction solar cells consist of thin amorphous silicon layers deposited on
crystalline silicon wafers. This design enables energy conversion efficiencies above 20% at …

The reduction in electronic recombination losses by the passivation of silicon surfaces is a
critical enabler for high-efficiency solar cells. In 2006, aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3) nanolayers …

Silicon heterojunction solar cells have high open-circuit voltages thanks to excellent
passivation of the wafer surfaces by thin intrinsic amorphous silicon (a-Si: H) layers …

Damage of the hydrogenated amorphous/crystalline silicon interface passivation during
transparent conductive oxide sputtering is reported. This occurs in the fabrication process of …

Photovoltaic (PV) technology offers an economic and sustainable solution to the challenge
of increasing energy demand in times of global warming. The world PV market is currently …

Light‐induced degradation (LID) has been identified to be a critical issue for solar cells
processed on boron‐doped silicon substrates. Typically, Czochralski‐grown silicon (Cz‐Si) …

Annealing at moderate temperatures is required to activate the silicon surface passivation by
Al 2 O 3 thin films while also the thermal stability at higher temperatures is important when Al …

The device physics of commercially dominant diffused‐junction silicon solar cells is well
understood, allowing sophisticated optimization of this class of devices. Recently, so‐called …