The ability of the nervous system to sense environmental stimuli and to relay these signals to
immune cells via neurotransmitters and neuropeptides is indispensable for effective …

Interactions between the nervous and immune systems enable the gut to respond to the
variety of dietary products that it absorbs, the broad spectrum of pathogens that it …

In adult mammals, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are defined by their abilities to self‐
renew and to differentiate to form all blood cell lineages. These rare multipotent cells occupy …

Neuropeptides are important mediators both within the nervous system and between
neurons and other cell types. Neuropeptides such as substance P, calcitonin gene-related …

The interplay between the immune and nervous systems has been acknowledged in the
past, but only more recent studies have started to unravel the cellular and molecular players …

The gut–brain axis refers to the bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain.
Four information carriers (vagal and spinal afferent neurons, immune mediators such as …

The precorneal tear film is a complex mixture of proteins, lipids, metabolites, and electrolytes
with different structures and functionalities. Sustainable production of each tear component …

At the most fundamental level, the bowel facilitates absorption of small molecules, regulates
fluid and electrolyte flux, and eliminates waste. To successfully coordinate this complex …

Although the discovery and characterization of multiple tumor antigens have sparked the
development of many antigen/derived cancer vaccines, many are poorly immunogenic and …

Neuropeptide Y (NPY), which is widely distributed in the nervous system, is involved in
regulating a variety of biological processes, including food intake, energy metabolism, and …