The recent emergence of nanomedicine has revolutionized the therapeutic landscape and
necessitated the creation of more sophisticated drug delivery systems. Polymeric …

Mucosal immunization has potential benefits over conventional parenteral immunization,
eliciting immune defense in both mucosal and systemic tissue for protecting from pathogen …

Vaccines are the most effective tool to control infectious diseases, which provoke significant
morbidity and mortality rates. Most vaccines are administered through the parenteral route …

Mucus is a viscoelastic gel that acts as a protective barrier for epithelial surfaces. The
mucosal vehicles and adjuvants need to pass through the mucus layer to make drugs and …

Vitamin D3 deficiency has serious health consequences, as demonstrated by its effect on
severity and recovery after COVID-19 infection. Because of high hydrophobicity, its …

Vaccination has been recently attracted as one of the most successful medical treatments of
the prevalence of many infectious diseases. Mucosal vaccination has been interested in …

Mucosal vaccination can elicit both systemic and mucosal immunity, and therefore has the
potential to not only treat mucosal immune diseases, prevent the pathogen infection at the …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), causing the 2019 novel
coronavirus disease (COVID-19), was introduced by WHO (World Health Organization) as …

Vaccination has been well recognised as a critically important tool in preventing infectious
disease, yet incomplete immunisation coverage remains a major obstacle to achieving …

Brucellosis is a chronic infectious disease that is zoonotic in nature. Brucella can infect
humans through interactions with livestock, primarily via the digestive tract, respiratory tract …