The two-thirds of the city-dwelling world population by 2050 poses numerous global
challenges in the infrastructure and natural resource management domains (eg, water and …

Wireless Underground Communication (WUC) is an emerging field that is being developed
continuously. It provides secure mechanism of deploying nodes underground which shields …

Challenging environments comprise a range of scenarios, which share the fact that it is
extremely difficult to establish a communication link using conventional technology due to …

The development of Wireless Underground Sensor Networks (WUSNs) is a recent research
axis based on sensor nodes buried a few dozen centimeters deep. The communication …

This updated book presents research on how Internet of Things plays a part in sha** the
future of our communities. The author shows how the research and education ecosystem …

The use of wireless sensor networks in the measurement of soil parameters represents one
of the least invasive methods available to date. Wireless sensors pose the least disturbance …

In this chapter, the medium access control, connectivity, and diversity reception approaches
are discussed for wireless underground communications. The connectivity and interference …

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are conveniently used in precision agriculture to gather field
and crop information without any over-the-surface footprint that could interfere with other …

The adaptive control systems for soil-air communication, the three-wave channel model, and
the channel model that consider propagation, multi-path, soil composition, water content …

Decision agriculture is the practice of accurately capturing the changing parameters of the
soil including water infiltration and retention, nutrients supply, acidity, and other time …