Cancer, a complex and multifactorial disease, presents a significant challenge to global
health. Despite significant advances in surgical, radiotherapeutic and immunological …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is composed of many different cellular and acellular
components that together drive tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and response to …

Despite centuries since the discovery and study of cancer, cancer is still a lethal and
intractable health issue worldwide. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have gained much …

Stimuli-responsive polymers can respond to internal stimuli, such as reactive oxygen
species (ROS), glutathione (GSH), and pH, biological stimuli, such as enzymes, and external …

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and the factors responsible for its
progression need to be elucidated. Exosomes are structures with an average size of 100 nm …

Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a specialized ecosystem of host components, designed
by tumor cells for successful development and metastasis of tumor. With the advent of 3D …

High rates of failure, exorbitant costs, and the sluggish pace of new drug discovery and
development have led to a growing interest in repurposing “old” drugs to treat both common …

Metastasis is the major cause of cancer death, and the development of therapy resistance is
common. The tumor microenvironment can confer chemotherapy resistance …

Radiotherapy (RT) is delivered for purposes of local control, but can also exert systemic
effect on remote and non-irradiated tumor deposits, which is called abscopal effect. The view …

Tumor development and metastasis are facilitated by the complex interactions between
cancer cells and their microenvironment, which comprises stromal cells and extracellular …