What is benthic habitat map**, how is it accomplished, and how has that changed over
time? We query the published literature to answer these questions and synthesize the …

Extreme marine environments cover more than 50% of the Earth's surface and offer many
opportunities for investigating the biological responses and adaptations of organisms to …

A census of the biomass on Earth is key for understanding the structure and dynamics of the
biosphere. However, a global, quantitative view of how the biomass of different taxa …

While there is now an established recognition of microplastic pollution in the oceans, and
the detrimental effects this may have on marine animals, the ocean depth at which such …

Plastic debris and marine microplastics are being discharged into the ocean at an alarming
scale and have been observed throughout the marine environment. Here we report …

Hadal trenches are extreme environments situated over 6000 m below sea surface, where
enormous hydrostatic pressure affects the biochemical cycling of elements. Recent studies …

Hadal trench bottom (> 6000 m below sea level) sediments harbor higher microbial cell
abundance compared with adjacent abyssal plain sediments. This is supported by the …

Background The deep sea harbors the majority of the microbial biomass in the ocean and is
a key site for organic matter (OM) remineralization and storage in the biosphere. Microbial …

The hadal zone, mostly comprising of deep trenches and constituting of the deepest part of
the world's oceans, represents the least explored habitat but one of the last frontiers on our …

Hadal biosphere represents the deepest part of the ocean with water depth> 6,000 m.
Accumulating evidence suggests the existence of unique microbial communities dominated …