Permafrost is a key element of the cryosphere and an essential climate variable in the
Global Climate Observing System. There is no remote-sensing method available to reliably …

Abstract Based on the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports of this thematic issue in Earth
System Dynamics and recent peer-reviewed literature, current knowledge of the effects of …

Under a warming climate, degrading permafrost profoundly and extensively affects arctic
and alpine ecology. However, most existing relevant studies are more focused on the …

Monitoring the thermal state of permafrost (TSP) is important in many environmental science
and engineering applications. However, such data are generally unavailable, mainly due to …

Seasonal snow cover is the largest single component of the cryosphere in areal extent,
covering an average of 46 million square km of Earth's surface (31% of the land area) each …

This is an attempt to predict the potential economic impacts on public infrastructure upon
degrading permafrost which is losing its bearing capacity. Climate change-related increases …

Permafrost is a sub-ground phenomenon and therefore cannot be directly observed from
space. It is an Essential Climate Variable and associated with climate tip** points. Multi …

Northwestern Alaska has been highly affected by changing climatic patterns with new
temperature and precipitation maxima over the recent years. In particular, the Baldwin and …

Ongoing global warming intensifies the degradation of permafrost. Permafrost thawing
impacts landform evolution, reduces freshwater resources, enhances the potential of natural …

Most of the world's permafrost is located in the Arctic, where its frozen organic carbon
content makes it a potentially important influence on the global climate system. The Arctic …