The pack ice of Earth's polar oceans appears to be frozen white desert, devoid of life.
However, beneath the snow lies a unique habitat for a group of bacteria and microscopic …

Persistently cold environments constitute one of our world's largest ecosystems, and
microorganisms dominate the biomass and metabolic activity in these extreme …

Fluid transport that is driven by gradients of pressure, gravity, or electro-magnetic potential is
well-known and studied in many fields. A subtler type of transport, called diffusiophoresis …

The oceans cover the majority of the Earth's surface; they influence our climate and provide
a valuable source of food to billions of people. Yet despite its fundamental impact on our …

Although Antarctic sea ice is undergoing a slight increase in overall extent, major regional
changes are occurring in its spatio-temporal characteristics (most notably in sea ice …

Sea ice exhibits a marked transition in its fluid transport properties at a critical brine volume
fraction pc of about 5 percent, or temperature T c of about–5° C for salinity of 5 parts per …

The bacterial populations associated with sea ice sampled from Antarctic coastal areas were
investigated by use of a phenotypic approach and a phylogenetic approach based on genes …

A quantitative assessment of observed and projected environmental changes in the
Southern Ocean (SO) with a potential impact on the marine ecosystem shows:(i) large …

First published in 1993, The Biology of the Southern Ocean has been referred to as
international research at its best and an invaluable reference. Drawing on the considerable …

Extreme marine environments cover more than 50% of the Earth's surface and offer many
opportunities for investigating the biological responses and adaptations of organisms to …