Machine learning (ML) is believed to have enabled a paradigm shift in materials research,
and in practice, ML has demonstrated its power in speeding up the cost-efficient discovery of …

Elementary events that determine photochemical outcomes and molecular functionalities
happen on the femtosecond and subfemtosecond timescales. Among the most ubiquitous …

Intense attosecond X-ray pulses are key for ultrafast nonlinear spectroscopy and diffractive
imaging. Here we demonstrate the generation of terawatt-scale isolated attosecond pulses …

Pump–probe experiments with subfemtosecond resolution are the key to understanding
electronic dynamics in quantum systems. Here we demonstrate the generation and control …

The ability to perform attosecond-pump attosecond-probe spectroscopy (APAPS) is a
longstanding goal in ultrafast science. While first pioneering experiments demonstrated the …

The photoelectric effect is not truly instantaneous but exhibits attosecond delays that can
reveal complex molecular dynamics,,,,,–. Sub-femtosecond-duration light pulses provide the …

Photoionization of matter is one of the fastest electronic processes in nature. Experimental
measurements of photoionization dynamics have become possible through attosecond …

Attosecond-scale temporal characterization of photoionization is essential in understanding
how light and matter interact on the most fundamental level. However, characterizing the …

Multi-<? TeX 2pc 0pt?> electron<? TeX 4pc 0pt?> dynamics in atoms and molecules very
often occur on sub-to few-femtosecond time scales. The available intensities of extreme …

Over the last 20 years, XUV and X-ray free-electron lasers have enabled a wide variety of
time-resolved experiments that have dramatically advanced our understanding of ultrafast …