Under the background of “carbon peaking” and “carbon neutralization”, the green
transformation of iron and steel enterprises is imminent. The hydrogen-rich smelting …

In this paper, techno-economically feasible technologies for improving the performance of a
shaft furnace for hydrogen reduction of iron oxide pellets are explored using a simplified …

Natural gas injection into blast furnace has been regarded as an efficient and promising
method of reducing carbon emission in iron and steel industry. It is necessary to study the co …

Transitioning to alternative fuels like natural gas (NG), coke oven gas (COG), or hydrogen
presents a viable path to reduce carbon emissions in blast furnace ironmaking. A review of …

Blast furnace (BF) hydrogen-rich smelting has become an important way for low-carbon
ironmaking. The coke gasification dissolution loss will be accelerated by H 2 O generated …

The steel industry is facing increasing pressure to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions,
resulting in a shift towards direct reduction (DR) with electric arc furnaces (DR-EAF) for …

The increase of hydrogen usage in a blast furnace is expected to affect the reduction
degradation of ferrous burden materials and influence the gas permeability inside the …

The potential of CO2 utilization through its injection into blast furnace (BF) tuyeres is studied
using the 1D steady‐state zonal model. Scenarios with the injection of CO2, hydrogen, and …

Low carbon development of blast furnaces is one of the key technological directions in the
current development of ironmaking. Owing to the differences in the physical and chemical …

Softening and Melting (S&M) experiments have evolved alongside the blast furnace as a
crucial tool for burden characterisation and optimisation. Modern blast furnaces derive a …