Microbes exist in a range of metabolic states (for example, dormant, active and growing) and
analysis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is frequently employed to identify the 'active'fraction of …

Background Identifying the microbial species in caries lesions is instrumental to determine
the etiology of dental caries. However, a significant proportion of bacteria in carious lesions …

The biological effects and expected fate of the vast amount of oil in the Gulf of Mexico from
the Deepwater Horizon blowout are unknown owing to the depth and magnitude of this …

The surface layer of the oceans and other aquatic environments contains many bacteria that
range in activity, from dormant cells to those with high rates of metabolism. However, little …

To understand how planet Earth works we study it increasingly as a system–a collection of
interdependent parts or spheres–the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the cryosphere, the …

Abstract The west Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) region has undergone significant changes in
temperature and seasonal ice dynamics since the mid-twentieth century, with strong impacts …

Over the last decade, culture-independent surveys of marine picoeukaryotic diversity based
on 18S ribosomal DNA clone libraries have unveiled numerous sequences of novel high …

Faecal contamination of recreational waters is an increasing global health concern. Tracing
the source of the contaminant is a vital step towards mitigation and disease prevention. Total …

Antarctica is arguably the world's most important continent for influencing the Earth's climate
and ocean ecosystem function. The unique physico-chemical properties of the Southern …

Microbial colonization on plastic polymers has been extensively explored, however the
temporal dynamics of biofilm community in Antarctic environments are almost unknown. As a …