Heterostructured (HS) materials are a new class of materials that are composed of
heterogeneous zones with dramatically different (> 100%) mechanical or physical …

The grain size, and therefore the grain boundary density, is known to play a major role in the
flow stress of metallic materials. A linear relationship to the inverse of the square root of the …

The mechanical properties of nanocrystalline materials are reviewed, with emphasis on their
constitutive response and on the fundamental physical mechanisms. In a brief introduction …

Most mechanisms used for strengthening crystalline materials, eg introducing crystalline
interfaces, lead to the reduction of ductility. An additive manufacturing process–selective …

Strengthening materials traditionally involves the controlled creation of internal defects and
boundaries so as to obstruct dislocation motion. Such strategies invariably compromise …

Forming alloys with impurity elements is a routine method for modifying the properties of
metals. An alternative approach involves the incorporation of interfaces into the crystalline …

The strength of polycrystalline materials increases with decreasing grain size. Below a
critical size, smaller grains might lead to softening, as suggested by atomistic simulations …

Nanocrystalline (nc) materials can be defined as solids with grain sizes in the range of 1–
100 nm. Contrary to coarse-grained metals, which become more difficult to twin with …

Both hardness and strength are the important properties of materials, and they often obey
the three times empirical relationship in work-hardened metals and some bulk metallic …

Recent experiments on nanostructured materials, such as nanoparticles, nanowires,
nanotubes, nanopillars, thin films, and nanocrystals have revealed a host of “ultra-strength” …