Recently, the use of electric batteries has reached great heights due to the invention of
electric vehicles (EVs). Many lithium-ion battery cells are usually connected in series to meet …

Safety enhancement for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has received a lot of attention from
academic and industrial fields. However, there is a lack of overview from the perspective of …

Abstract In electric vehicles, Battery Management System (BMS) plays a significant role in
cell voltage equalization. In the passive cell voltage balancing method, strong cells dissipate …

The fuel cell stack power mismatch problem limits the large-scale application of fuel cells. In
order to guarantee the normal operation of the series fuel cell bank under fault condition, this …

Active equalization is an efficient method to improve the performance of series-connected
battery strings for the electric vehicles. However, the large-scale applications of the active …

The traditional balance circuit is employed to balance the retired battery string. It will occupy
some space for the extra switches, inductors, or/and capacitors of the energy storage …

The traditional pure switched-capacitor equalizer suffers from a large inrush current and low
balance speed. An automatic parallel resonant switched-capacitor equalizer (PReSCE) for …

This article presents an efficient and fast echelon battery equalization method based on
wide voltage range bidirectional converter combined with DBSCAN (density-based spatial …

An active balancing method based on two flyback converters is proposed for series-
connected battery pack. Balanced energy can be transferred between the whole battery and …

In a high-voltage energy storage system (HV-ESS), the voltage equalizer faces two
challenges: 1) improving the extensibility and 2) reducing the number of switches. Therefore …