Plants collectively produce hundreds of thousands of specialized metabolites that are not
required for growth or development. Each species has a qualitatively unique profile, with …

Our goal in this review is to discuss how measures beyond simple quantification of total
glucocorticoid levels are needed in comparative studies of stress. We need to measure …

With recent advances in molecular techniques, collecting blood from birds has become a
common practice among field ornithologists. There are a variety of techniques for collecting …

For almost 40 years, studies of whole-organism performance have formed a cornerstone of
evolutionary physiology. Although its utility as a heuristic guide is beyond question, and we …

Modern immunology traditionally conceives of the immune system as providing defense
against pathogens. Alfred I. Tauber criticizes this conception of immunity as too narrow …

Species composition within ecological assemblages can drive disease dynamics including
pathogen invasion, spread, and persistence. In multi-host pathogen systems, interspecific …

Disease epizootics are increasing with climatic shifts, yet within each system only a subset of
species are identified as the most vulnerable. Understanding ecological immunology …

Animals display remarkable individual variation in their capacity to mount immune
responses against novel antigens. According to the life-history theory, this variation is …

Invasive populations frequently harbour a reduced parasite community compared with their
native counterparts. The loss of regulating enemies may result in re‐allocation of resources …

Ecoimmunology utilizes techniques from traditionally laboratory-based disciplines—for
example, immunology, genomics, proteomics, neuroendocrinology, and cell biology—to …