The vegetative insecticidal protein Vip3Aa from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has been
produced by transgenic crops to counter pest resistance to the widely used crystalline (Cry) …

Transgenic crops producing insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have
revolutionized control of some major pests. However, more than 25 cases of field-evolved …

Different Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains produce a broad variety of pore-forming toxins
(PFTs) that show toxicity against insects and other invertebrates. Some of these insecticidal …

The growing threat of insecticide resistance prompts the urgent need to develop additional
tools for mosquito control. Entomopathogenic fungi provide an eco-friendly alternative to …

Transgenic corn and cotton that express Cry and Vip insecticidal proteins from the
bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), have been valuable tools for the management of …

The vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip3A) secreted by some Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)
strains during vegetative growth are regarded as a new generation of insecticidal toxins …

Vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip3) from Bacillus thuringiensis have been used, in
combination with Cry proteins, to better control insect pests and as a strategy to delay the …

Microbially derived, protein-based biopesticides have become a vital element in pest
management strategies. Vip3 family proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis have distinct …

BACKGROUND Transgenic crops that make insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis
(Bt) have revolutionized management of some pests. However, evolution of resistance to Bt …

The “high-dose/refuge” strategy is expected to work most effectively when resistance is
inherited as a functionally recessive trait and the fitness costs associated with resistance are …