Determinants of enhancer and promoter activities of regulatory elements

R Andersson, A Sandelin - Nature Reviews Genetics, 2020‏ - nature.com
The proper activities of enhancers and gene promoters are essential for coordinated
transcription within a cell. Although diverse methodologies have been developed to identify …

Eukaryotic core promoters and the functional basis of transcription initiation

V Haberle, A Stark - Nature reviews Molecular cell biology, 2018‏ - nature.com
Abstract RNA polymerase II (Pol II) core promoters are specialized DNA sequences at
transcription start sites of protein-coding and non-coding genes that support the assembly of …

Promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II: a nexus of gene regulation

L Core, K Adelman - Genes & development, 2019‏ - genesdev.cshlp.org
Precise spatio–temporal control of gene activity is essential for organismal development,
growth, and survival in a changing environment. Decisive steps in gene regulation involve …

Structure of paused transcription complex Pol II–DSIF–NELF

SM Vos, L Farnung, H Urlaub, P Cramer - Nature, 2018‏ - nature.com
Metazoan gene regulation often involves the pausing of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) in the
promoter-proximal region. Paused Pol II is stabilized by the protein complexes DRB …

Causes and consequences of RNA polymerase II stalling during transcript elongation

M Noe Gonzalez, D Blears, JQ Svejstrup - Nature reviews Molecular …, 2021‏ - nature.com
The journey of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) as it transcribes a gene is anything but a smooth
ride. Transcript elongation is discontinuous and can be perturbed by intrinsic regulatory …

Evaluating enhancer function and transcription

A Field, K Adelman - Annual review of biochemistry, 2020‏ - annualreviews.org
Cell-type-and condition-specific profiles of gene expression require coordination between
protein-coding gene promoters and cis-regulatory sequences called enhancers. Enhancers …

Getting up to speed with transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II

I Jonkers, JT Lis - Nature reviews Molecular cell biology, 2015‏ - nature.com
Recent advances in sequencing techniques that measure nascent transcripts and that
reveal the positioning of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) have shown that the pausing of Pol II in …

Mll3 and Mll4 facilitate enhancer RNA synthesis and transcription from promoters independently of H3K4 monomethylation

KM Dorighi, T Swigut, T Henriques, NV Bhanu… - Molecular cell, 2017‏ - cell.com
Monomethylation of histone H3 at lysine 4 (H3K4me1) and acetylation of histone H3 at
lysine 27 (H3K27ac) are correlated with transcriptionally engaged enhancer elements, but …

Nascent RNA analyses: tracking transcription and its regulation

EM Wissink, A Vihervaara, ND Tippens… - Nature Reviews …, 2019‏ - nature.com
The programmes that direct an organism's development and maintenance are encoded in its
genome. Decoding of this information begins with regulated transcription of genomic DNA …

Widespread transcriptional pausing and elongation control at enhancers

T Henriques, BS Scruggs, MO Inouye… - Genes & …, 2018‏ - genesdev.cshlp.org
Regulation by gene-distal enhancers is critical for cell type-specific and condition-specific
patterns of gene expression. Thus, to understand the basis of gene activity in a given cell …