Energy consumption was skyrocketing along with fast economic development as well as
continuous global population growth. Furthermore, environmental concerns about …

Hydrogen is viewed as a sustainable strategic alternative to fossil fuels, especially in the
field of road and air transport. Currently, hydrogen production is derived from fossil fuels or is …

Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the most promising renewable resources and can replace
fossil fuels via various biorefinery processes. Through this study, we addressed and …

Industrial developments in the oil and gas, petrochemical, pharmaceutical and food sector
have contributed to the large production of oily wastewater worldwide. Oily wastewater …

Biorenewable polymers have emerged as an attractive alternative to conventional metallic
and organic materials for a variety of different applications. This is mainly because of their …

Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a thermochemical conversion technology that shows
promising commercial potential for the production of biocrude oil from wet biomass …

Humans from the very beginning of existence utilized natural resources for various daily
needs. As years have gone by and with the continuous rise in population, both the natural …

Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) with biomass is a combined thermal decomposition
and hydrolysis process that converts biomass feedstock into hydrogen rich syngas …

Current energy demand and environmental pollution issues are growing due to global
urbanization and development in many countries, leading to amplified energy/material …

Hydrothermal processing, a thermochemical approach, is an excellent method of converting
energy-rich biomass into useful products. This approach offers the advantage of handling …