Two-dimensional (2D) materials including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, black
phosphorus, MXenes, and semimetals have attracted extensive and widespread interest …

Polaritons are hybrid excitations of matter and photons. In recent years, polaritons in van der
Waals nanomaterials—known as van der Waals polaritons—have shown great promise to …

Optical metamaterials have presented an innovative method of manipulating light.
Hyperbolic metamaterials have an extremely high anisotropy with a hyperbolic dispersion …

Moiré engineering is being intensively investigated as a method to tune the electronic,
magnetic and optical properties of twisted van der Waals materials. Advances in moiré …

Weyl semimetals are topological materials whose electron quasiparticles obey the Weyl
equation. They possess many unusual properties that may lead to new applications. This is …

In recent years, enhanced light–matter interactions through a plethora of dipole-type
polaritonic excitations have been observed in two-dimensional (2D) layered materials. In …

BACKGROUND Light trapped at the nanoscale, deep below the optical wavelength, exhibits
an increase in the associated electric field strength, which results in enhanced light-matter …

Anisotropic planar polaritons-hybrid electromagnetic modes mediated by phonons,
plasmons, or excitons-in biaxial two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals crystals have attracted …

Recent efforts have been heavily devoted to the development of next‐generation
optoelectronic devices based on 2D materials, due to their unique optical properties that are …

Metasurfaces with strongly anisotropic optical properties can support deep subwavelength-
scale confined electromagnetic waves (polaritons), which promise opportunities for …