There is increasing evidence that fossil-fuel burning, and consequential global heating of
1.1° C to date, has led to the increased occurrence and severity of extreme environmental …

Geodesy, the oldest science, has become an important discipline in the geosciences, in
large part by enhancing Global Positioning System (GPS) capabilities over the last 35 years …

We assess the recent contribution of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) to sea level change. We
use the mass budget method, which quantifies ice sheet mass balance (MB) as the …

We combined an ensemble of satellite altimetry, interferometry, and gravimetry data sets
using common geographical regions, time intervals, and models of surface mass balance …

The severity of damaging human-induced climate change depends not only on the
magnitude of the change but also on the potential for irreversibility. This paper shows that …

Glaciers and Glaciation is the classic textbook for all students of glaciation. Stimulating and
accessible, it has established a reputation as a comprehensive and essential resource. In …

Melting is pervasive along the ice surrounding Antarctica. On the surface of the grounded ice
sheet and floating ice shelves, extensive networks of lakes, streams and rivers both store …

Increased ice velocities in Greenland are contributing significantly to eustatic sea level rise.
Faster ice flow has been associated with ice–ocean interactions in water-terminating outlet …

Mass budget calculations, validated with satellite gravity observations [from the Gravity
Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites], enable us to quantify the individual …

Subglacial meltwater draining along the bed of fast-flowing, marine-terminating glaciers
emerges at the grounding line, where the ice either goes afloat to form an ice shelf or …