We review and synthesize information on invasions of nonnative forest insects and diseases
in the United States, including their ecological and economic impacts, pathways of arrival …

Trade in live plants has been recognized worldwide as an important invasion pathway for
non‐native plant pests. Such pests can have severe economic and ecological …

Reliable estimates of the impacts and costs of biological invasions are critical to develo**
credible management, trade and regulatory policies. Worldwide, forests and urban trees …

Managing the impacts of invasive alien species (IAS) is a great societal challenge. A wide
variety of terms have been used to describe the management of invasive alien species and …

Summary 1 Pathways describe the processes that result in the introduction of alien species
from one location to another. A framework is proposed to facilitate the comparative analysis …

A literature survey identified 403 primary research publications that investigated the
ecological effects of invasive alien insects and/or the mechanisms underlying these effects …

The economic and environmental threats posed by non-native forest insects are ever
increasing with the continuing globalization of trade and travel; thus, the need for mitigation …

As part of national biosecurity programs, cargo imports, passenger baggage, and
international mail are inspected at ports of entry to verify compliance with phytosanitary …

A large database of invasive forest pathogens (IFP s) was developed to investigate the
patterns and determinants of invasion in Europe. Detailed taxonomic and biological …

Insect species associated with human goods continue to be accidentally introduced into new
locations. A small proportion of these introduced species become invasive, causing a range …