Environmental stimuli and objects, including rewards, are often processed sequentially in
the brain. Recent work suggests that the phasic dopamine reward prediction-error response …

Neurons in early visual cortical areas not only represent incoming visual information but are
also engaged by higher level cognitive processes, including attention, working memory …

Many decisions are thought to arise via the accumulation of noisy evidence to a threshold or
bound. In perception, the mechanism explains the effect of stimulus strength, characterized …

Information transmission in the human brain is a fundamentally dynamic network process. In
partial epilepsy, this process is perturbed and highly synchronous seizures originate in a …

There are three neural feedback pathways to the primary visual cortex (V1): corticocortical,
pulvinocortical, and cholinergic. What are the respective functions of these three …

The theory of predictive processing posits that the brain computes expectations to process
information predictively. Empirical evidence in support of this theory, however, is scarce and …

Neurobiological investigations of perceptual decision-making have furnished the first
glimpse of a flexible cognitive process at the level of single neurons. Neurons in the parietal …

The right decision today may be the wrong decision tomorrow. We live in a world in which
expectations, contingencies, and goals continually evolve and change. Thus, decisions do …

Logistic classification is a simple way to make choices based on a set of factors: give each
factor a weight, sum the results, and use the sum to set the log odds of a random draw. This …

Accurate decisions require knowledge of prior probabilities (eg, prevalence or base rate),
but it is unclear how prior probabilities are learned in the absence of a teacher. We …