Multicellular organisms are composed of diverse cell types that must coordinate their
behaviors through communication. Cell–cell communication (CCC) is essential for growth …

With the increase of population aging, the number of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients is
also increasing. According to current estimates, approximately 11% of people over 65 suffer …

Spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts the blood–spinal cord barrier (BSCB), potentially
exacerbating nerve damage and emphasizing the criticality of preserving the BSCB integrity …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative disease that causes memory and learning
impairments as well as dementia. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an anti-inflammatory and anti …

The native role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in mediating the transfer of biomolecules
between cells has raised the possibility to use them as therapeutic vehicles. The …

Despite the increasing global incidence of brain disorders, achieving sufficient delivery
towards the central nervous system (CNS) remains a formidable challenge in terms of …

Parkinson's disease is characterized by the gradual appearance of intraneuronal inclusions
that are primarily composed of misfolded α-synuclein protein, leading to cytotoxicity and …

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease with no effective cure.
Astrocytes display a toxic phenotype in ALS and contribute to motoneuron (MN) …

Neurological disorders are diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by
a progressive degeneration of cells and deficiencies in neural functions. Mesenchymal stem …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived nanoparticles with an important role in
intercellular communication, even across brain barriers. The bidirectional brain-barrier …