Infrastructure-based heat reduction strategies can help cities adapt to high temperatures, but
simulations of their cooling potential yield widely varying predictions. We systematically …

Reflected in the growing body of literature, urban heat mitigation is increasingly relevant as
cities experience extreme heat, exacerbated by climate change and rapid urbanisation. Most …

Green infrastructure (GI) can act as an effective cooling strategy to mitigate the urban heat
island effect. The complex interdependencies in the built environment make it challenging to …

Increasing urbanization is likely to intensify the urban heat island effect, decrease outdoor
thermal comfort, and enhance runoff generation in cities. Urban green spaces are often …

Accurately predicting weather and climate in cities is critical for safeguarding human health
and strengthening urban resilience. Multimodel evaluations can lead to model …

Life on Earth vitally depends on the availability of water. Human pressure on freshwater
resources is increasing, as is human exposure to weather-related extremes (droughts …

Urban areas confront a number of environmental issues including excessive thermal stress
and concentrated emissions of greenhouse gases and pollutants. In past decades, many …

Trees are crucial elements for improving urban microclimates by providing cooling through
shading, evapotranspiration, and windbreaks. To maximise their cooling effects, it is …

Climate change in combination with increasing urbanization is a major challenge for our
cities. Ecosystem services from the urban green play a significant role in mitigating the …

Constant urban growth exacerbates the demand for residential, commercial and traffic
areas, leading to progressive surface sealing and urban densification. With climate change …