A taxonomy of anti-vaccination arguments from a systematic literature review and text modelling

A Fasce, P Schmid, DL Holford, L Bates… - Nature human …, 2023 - nature.com
The proliferation of anti-vaccination arguments is a threat to the success of many
immunization programmes. Effective rebuttal of contrarian arguments requires an approach …

[HTML][HTML] Cognitive reflection, cognitive intelligence, and cognitive abilities: A meta-analysis

I Otero, JF Salgado, S Moscoso - Intelligence, 2022 - Elsevier
This paper presents a series of psychometric meta-analysis on the relationship between
cognitive reflection (CR) and several cognitive abilities (ie, cognitive intelligence, numerical …

Lazy, not biased: Susceptibility to partisan fake news is better explained by lack of reasoning than by motivated reasoning

G Pennycook, DG Rand - Cognition, 2019 - Elsevier
Why do people believe blatantly inaccurate news headlines (“fake news”)? Do we use our
reasoning abilities to convince ourselves that statements that align with our ideology are …

Durably reducing conspiracy beliefs through dialogues with AI

TH Costello, G Pennycook, DG Rand - Science, 2024 - science.org
Conspiracy theory beliefs are notoriously persistent. Influential hypotheses propose that they
fulfill important psychological needs, thus resisting counterevidence. Yet previous failures in …

Who falls for fake news? The roles of bullshit receptivity, overclaiming, familiarity, and analytic thinking

G Pennycook, DG Rand - Journal of personality, 2020 - Wiley Online Library
Objective Fake news represents a particularly egregious and direct avenue by which
inaccurate beliefs have been propagated via social media. We investigate the psychological …

Reliance on emotion promotes belief in fake news

C Martel, G Pennycook, DG Rand - Cognitive research: principles and …, 2020 - Springer
What is the role of emotion in susceptibility to believing fake news? Prior work on the
psychology of misinformation has focused primarily on the extent to which reason and …

Ideology, motivated reasoning, and cognitive reflection

DM Kahan - Judgment and Decision making, 2013 - cambridge.org
Decision scientists have identified various plausible sources of ideological polarization over
climate change, gun violence, national security, and like issues that turn on empirical …

[BOOK][B] Not born yesterday: The science of who we trust and what we believe

H Mercier - 2020 - degruyter.com
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Belief in fake news is associated with delusionality, dogmatism, religious fundamentalism, and reduced analytic thinking

MV Bronstein, G Pennycook, A Bear, DG Rand… - Journal of applied …, 2019 - Elsevier
Delusion-prone individuals may be more likely to accept even delusion-irrelevant
implausible ideas because of their tendency to engage in less analytic and less actively …

A framework for understanding reasoning errors: From fake news to climate change and beyond

G Pennycook - Advances in experimental social psychology, 2023 - Elsevier
Humans have the capacity, but perhaps not always the willingness, for great intelligence.
From global warming to the spread of misinformation and beyond, our species is facing …