Scale effects in physical hydraulic engineering models

V Heller - Journal of Hydraulic Research, 2011 - Taylor & Francis
Scale effects arise due to force ratios which are not identical between a model and its real-
world prototype and result in deviations between the up-scaled model and prototype …

Air-entrainment mechanisms in plunging jets and breaking waves

KT Kiger, JH Duncan - Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 2012 - annualreviews.org
Air entrainment in liquids is a complex phenomenon that has important applications in
industry and the environment. This article addresses recent research on how air is entrained …

Two-phase air-water flows: Scale effects in physical modeling

M Pfister, H Chanson - Journal of Hydrodynamics, Ser. B, 2014 - Elsevier
Physical modeling represents probably the oldest design tool in hydraulic engineering
together with analytical approaches. In free surface flows, the similitude based upon a …

Laboratory measurements and multi-block numerical simulations of the mean flow and turbulence in the non-aerated skimming flow region of steep stepped spillways

FA Bombardelli, I Meireles, J Matos - Environmental fluid mechanics, 2011 - Springer
We present and discuss the results of a comprehensive study addressing the non-aerated
region of the skimming flow in steep stepped spillways. Although flows in stepped spillways …

Physical and numerical modelling of air-water flows: An introductory overview

C Gualtieri, H Chanson - Environmental Modelling & Software, 2021 - Elsevier
In free-surface turbulent flows, large amount of air may be entrapped and advected in the
water current. The resulting air-water flows are frequently observed in natural water systems …

Hydraulics of aerated flows: qui pro quo?

H Chanson - Journal of Hydraulic Research, 2013 - Taylor & Francis
In turbulent free-surface flows, the deformation of the surface leads to air bubble entrainment
and droplet projections when the turbulent shear stress is greater than the surface tension …

Chute aerators. I: Air transport characteristics

M Pfister, WH Hager - Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2010 - ascelibrary.org
Chutes with flow velocities in excess of some 20 to 30 m/s are usually prone to cavitation
damage. Therefore, these flows are aerated using chute aerators. The current literature …

Reformulating self-aeration in hydraulic structures: Turbulent growth of free surface perturbations leading to air entrainment

D Valero, DB Bung - International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2018 - Elsevier
A new formulation for the prediction of free surface dynamics related to the turbulence
occurring nearby is proposed. This formulation, altogether with a breakup criterion, can be …

Turbulence characteristics in supercritical open channel flows: Effects of Froude number and aspect ratio

C Auel, I Albayrak, RM Boes - Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2014 - ascelibrary.org
An experimental investigation of supercritical uniform and gradually varied open channel
flows is presented for a wide range of Froude numbers and flume width-to-flow depth aspect …

Air–water flows

D Valero, S Felder, M Kramer, H Wang… - Journal of Hydraulic …, 2024 - Taylor & Francis
High Froude-number open-channel flows can entrain significant volumes of air, a
phenomenon that occurs continuously in spillways, in free-falling jets and in hydraulic …