The present review draws together wide-ranging studies performed over the last decades
that catalogue the effects of artificial-light-at-night (ALAN) upon living species and their …

Organisms of all domains of life use photoreceptor proteins to sense and respond to light.
The light-sensitivity of photoreceptor proteins arises from bound chromophores such as …

NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER• A “thrilling”(The New York Times),“dazzling”(The Wall
Street Journal) tour of the radically different ways that animals perceive the world that will fill …

As a full-fidelity simulation of human cells, tissues, organs, and even systems at the
microscopic scale, Organ-on-a-Chip (OOC) has significant ethical advantages and …

Evidence is reviewed from a wide range of studies relevant to the evolution of vertebrate
photoreceptors and phototransduction, in order to permit the synthesis of a scenario for the …

Throughout their lives animals must complete many tasks, including finding food, avoiding
predators, attracting mates, and navigating through a complex and dynamic environment …

We previously showed that blue (415 nm) and green (540 nm) wavelengths were more
effective in stimulating osteoblast differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells …

Eye evolution is driven by the evolution of visually guided behavior. Accumulation of
gradually more demanding behaviors have continuously increased the performance …

Ultraviolet (UV) light occupies the spectral range of wavelengths slightly shorter than those
visible to humans. Because of its shorter wavelength, it is more energetic (and potentially …

Many animals depend on the sense of vision for survival. In eumetazoans, vision requires
specialized, light-sensitive cells called photoreceptors. Light reaches the photoreceptors …