Ammonia (NH 3) energy has emerged as a new international strategy to mitigate climate
change and energy crises because ammonia–hydrogen fuel can effectively overcome the …

Ammonia has demonstrated great potential for achieving zero carbon emissions from
internal combustion engines. However, the application of ammonia in engines faces the …

Ammonia-based internal combustion engines (ICEs) produce carbon-free emissions.
However, the application of ammonia in ICEs results in difficult ignition, combustion …

Abstract Hydrogen (H 2) and ammonia (NH 3) are ideal carbon-free fuels, and the
application of NH 3/H 2 in internal combustion engines offers the potential to reduce carbon …

End-gas autoignition, especially with detonation development in a confined space, is a
complex physical phenomenon, including premixed flame dynamics, fluid dynamics …

Ammonia (NH 3) is a promising fuel for engine carbon neutrality. However, the terrible
combustion characteristics substantially restrain the application of NH 3 in internal …

To reduce carbon emissions, the application of hydrogen as a zero-carbon fuel in the field of
internal combustion engines (ICEs) has become a hot topic in recent years. Meanwhile, the …

Ammonia is gaining attention as a carbon-free alternative fuel for internal combustion
engines. However, its poor combustion characteristics hinder its development, especially the …

Due to its potential to extend the lean limit or overcome knock-limited conditions on spark-
ignited (SI) engines, the pre-chamber spark-ignition (PCSI) concept has gained attention as …

Ammonia and hydrogen are promising zero-carbon fuels that can help combustion engines
achieve the zero-carbon emissions target. However, ammonia features high ignition energy …