Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is considered a metabolic disorder that has been steadily
increasing globally and seems to parallel the increasing prevalence of obesity. It consists of …

Pharmacological agents used to treat or manage diseases can modify the level of heat strain
experienced by chronically ill and elderly patients via different mechanistic pathways …

Insulin resistance has been regarded as a hallmark of diabetes heart disease (DHD).
Numerous studies have shown that insulin resistance can affect blood circulation and …

Background Several studies have indicated that the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) index is
associated with hypertension; however, evidence on the association of change in the TyG …

Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) encompasses an array of cardiac and vascular
disorders, posing a significant threat to global health. It remains unclear whether there exists …

Vascular insulin resistance, a major characteristic of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D),
manifests with blunting of insulin-induced vasodilation. Although there is evidence that …

Insulin resistance in the vasculature is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and blunting of
insulin-induced vasodilation is its primary consequence. Individuals with T2D exhibit a …

Insulin acts centrally to stimulate sympathetic vasoconstrictor outflow to skeletal muscle and
peripherally to promote vasodilation. Given these divergent actions, the “net effect” of insulin …

Background This study aimed to investigate the associations between noninsulin-dependent
insulin resistance indices (NI-IRIs), including the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, TyG-BMI …

Background Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is induced by insulin resistance, mediated by
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and disturbed autophagy. This study investigates the …