Production of metals stands for 40% of all industrial greenhouse gas emissions, 10% of the
global energy consumption, 3.2 billion tonnes of minerals mined, and several billion tonnes …

The iron and steel industry is the largest coal consumer and the most greenhouse gas
intensive industry. It consumes about 7% of global energy supply, and conservative …

Hydrogen metallurgy is a technology that applies hydrogen instead of carbon as a reduction
agent to reduce CO 2 emission, and the use of hydrogen is beneficial to promoting the …

The 2018 IPCC (The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's) report defined the goal
to limit global warming to 1.5 C by 2050. This will require “rapid and far-reaching transitions …

The blast furnace technology is still the main ironmaking route with a current global share of
70%. Reduction of fossil carbon consumption and CO 2 emissions in blast furnace …

Abstract Meeting the Paris Agreement will most likely require the combination of CO 2
capture and biomass in the industrial sector, resulting in net negative emissions. CO 2 …

A clean energy revolution is occurring across the world. As iron and steelmaking have a
tremendous impact on the amount of CO2 emissions, there is an increasing attraction …

In this paper we present the first systematic review of Power to X processes applied to the
iron and steel industry. These processes convert renewable electricity into valuable …

Calcium loo** integrated with chemical loo** combustion (CaL-CLC) process is an
efficient and cost-effective CO 2 capture technology. In this technique, the heat generated by …

Hydrogen is projected to be not only a source of clean fuel energy, but also a reducing agent
for metals production in the current industrial decarbonization effort. Currently, hydrogen is …