Although error avoidance during learning appears to be the rule in American classrooms,
laboratory studies suggest that it may be a counterproductive strategy, at least for …

We propose a framework for understanding epistemic curiosity as a metacognitive feeling
state that is related to the individual's Region of Proximal Learning (RPL), an adaptive …

Countering misinformation can reduce belief in the moment, but corrective messages quickly
fade from memory. We tested whether the longer-term impact of fact-checks depends on …

A survey targeting education researchers conducted in November 2020 provides forecasts
of how much achievement gaps between low-and high-income students in US elementary …

Feedback is one of the most important factors for successful learning. Contemporary
computer-based learning and testing environments allow the implementation of automated …

Events that conform to our expectations, that is, are congruent with our world knowledge or
schemas, are better remembered than unrelated events. Yet events that conflict with …

Reward-prediction errors track the extent to which rewards deviate from expectations, and
aid in learning. How do such errors in prediction interact with memory for the rewarding …

Testing has been found to be a powerful learning tool, but educators might be reluctant to
make full use of its benefits for fear that any errors made would be harmful to learning. We …

Producing an error, so long as it is followed by corrective feedback, has been shown to
result in better retention of the correct answers than does simply studying the correct …

In computer-based assessments, immediate performance feedback on incorrect responses
may have major cognitive and metacognitive benefits but it may also be demotivating for …