The ability to fabricate sensory systems capable of highly selective operation in complex
fluid will undoubtedly underpin key future developments in healthcare. However, the …

Biofouling is a serious problem in the medical, marine, and all other industrial fields as it
poses significant health risks and financial losses. Therefore, there is a great demand for …

The technique of attaching the polymer polyethylene glycol (PEG), or PEGylation, has
brought more than ten protein drugs into market. The surface conjugation of PEG on proteins …

Marine fouling is a worldwide challenge with huge damages on industrial structures, side
effects on economics of industries, and environmental and safety-related hazards. Different …

Zwitterionic materials have moieties possessing cationic and anionic groups. This molecular
structure leads to unique properties that can be the solutions of various application …

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), due to infection by the severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is now causing a global pandemic. Aerosol …

Fouling initiated by nonspecific protein adsorption is a great challenge in biomedical
applications, including biosensors, bioanalytical devices, and implants. Poly …

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the most widely used nanomaterials in our daily life. In
1972, Fujishima and Honda reported the photo electrolysis of water into H2 and O2 utilizing …

The development of reliable biosensing platforms plays a key role in the detection of
proteins in clinically and environmentally derived samples for diagnostics, as well as for …

Surface resistance to nonspecific protein adsorption, cell/bacterial adhesion, and biofilm
formation is critical for the development and performance of biomedical and analytical …